What are command injection attacks

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This article explains how attackers can bypass the defense systems between the website environment and the server. You can also learn how to minimize these types of cyber attacks. Before you enter the world of Command Injection, while introducing Shell functionality, how web applications interact with it will be explained. This will help you to understand what tools are used to send malicious requests to the server environment. picture (2) A shell is a special type of program that provides users with an interface to interact with the operating system. Shell acts as an intermediary between the end user and the server operating system and interprets the commands provided through the command line interface.


Shells allow users and applications to send requests to the operating system using Uruguay Phone Number List defined commands. Shell in the operating system is usually used to perform various tasks such as managing files and paths, installing and configuring software services, and launching websites and web applications. Often, websites need to call commands through the shell to edit files and perform other tasks. Websites and web applications, or specifically the functionality they provide, run in a separate environment. This environment is completely isolated from the sensitive parts of the server operating system.




While some malicious techniques such as directory traversal allow attackers to access restricted areas of the victim's server through the browser, there are several layers of security that make this impossible. All code is usually confined to the website's document root (a special directory on the server dedicated to website files). This feature, along with the file access level protection mechanism, ensures that website operations are limited to the website's root directory and cannot affect other parts of the system. The functions of the website are also limited to the facilities provided by the programming language. To interact with the server environment, websites must use certain functions that will act as a bridge between the existing environment and the operating system.